Whether you’re preparing for the next power outage or shopping for a home backup generator, one critical question often gets overlooked: Do I need to have a carbon monoxide (CO) detector in my home while using a generator?
The short answer: Yes, absolutely. If you are using any fuel-powered generator (gasoline, diesel, propane, or natural gas), you must have at least one CO detector in your home. Carbon monoxide is an odorless, colorless, and potentially deadly gas that generators can emit—sometimes even if placed outdoors. A CO detector is your first line of defense against accidental poisoning.
In this guide, we’ll explain why CO detectors are essential, how generators can pose a carbon monoxide risk, where to place detectors in your home, what kind to buy, and how to keep your household safe during emergencies.
Why Generators Can Be Deadly Without a CO Detector
Generators produce electricity by burning fuel—usually gasoline, propane, diesel, or natural gas. As a byproduct of combustion, they emit carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas that can quickly build up to dangerous levels, especially in enclosed or semi-enclosed spaces.
Even a generator placed “outside” can be dangerous if it’s too close to a window, vent, door, or overhang. Carbon monoxide can infiltrate your home without you realizing it—and without a CO alarm, you may not notice until it’s too late.
According to the CDC:
- More than 400 Americans die each year from unintentional CO poisoning
- Generators are one of the leading causes of CO-related deaths during power outages
- CO poisoning symptoms can mimic flu: headache, nausea, dizziness, confusion, and unconsciousness
That’s why it’s essential to install properly functioning CO detectors—and to understand how to use your generator safely.
Which Types of Generators Require a CO Detector?
| Generator Type | Fuel | CO Emission Risk | Needs CO Detector? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Portable Generator | Gasoline, Propane, Diesel | Very High | ✅ Yes |
| Standby Generator | Natural Gas, Propane | High (especially near vents) | ✅ Yes |
| Dual Fuel Generator | Gasoline + Propane | High | ✅ Yes |
| Solar Generator (Battery-Powered) | N/A | None | ❌ No |
Only solar generators are exempt from the need for CO detectors, since they produce no emissions. For all other types, a CO detector is not optional—it’s a lifesaving necessity.
Where to Place Carbon Monoxide Detectors
Correct placement is just as important as having a detector. Follow these best practices:
✔️ Minimum Recommendations:
- Install at least one CO detector on every level of your home
- Place one outside each sleeping area (hallways, bedrooms)
- Put a CO detector in rooms closest to the generator’s location (exterior wall, garage, basement window)
🚫 Avoid These Mistakes:
- Do not install near bathrooms, stoves, or fireplaces—steam and humidity can trigger false alarms
- Do not place behind furniture or curtains—this can block airflow
- Do not install directly above fuel-burning appliances
💡 Tip: Wall-mounted CO detectors should be installed about 5 feet off the ground, while plug-in models should go into standard outlets—but choose ones with battery backup in case of power failure.
Best Types of CO Detectors for Generator Use
There are three primary types of CO detectors:
1. 🔋 Battery-Powered CO Detectors
- Operate independently of home wiring
- Ideal during blackouts or for off-grid cabins
- Need battery replacement annually
2. 🔌 Plug-In CO Detectors (With Battery Backup)
- Easy installation in any standard outlet
- Must have battery backup to function during power loss
- Best for backup power use
3. 🔧 Hardwired CO Detectors
- Integrated with home electrical system
- Often linked with smoke alarms for whole-house safety
- Professional installation required
Recommended Models:
- Kidde Carbon Monoxide Alarm with Battery Backup – Affordable, plug-in with battery backup, digital display
- First Alert CO605 – Reliable, plug-in model with loud 85dB alarm
- Google Nest Protect – Smart CO + smoke alarm combo, sends mobile alerts
How to Use a Generator Safely to Prevent CO Buildup
Even with a detector in place, generator safety starts with proper usage:
✅ Generator Safety Guidelines:
- 🚫 Never run a generator indoors, in a garage, basement, or even covered porch
- 🪟 Keep generators at least 20 feet away from your home, with exhaust pointed away
- 🌬️ Avoid using generators near open windows, doors, or vents
- 🧯 Store fuel safely, and only refuel when the generator is cool
- 🧪 Test CO detectors monthly and replace batteries annually
💡 Consider generators with built-in CO shutdown sensors—many newer models automatically turn off when high carbon monoxide is detected.
Are CO Detectors Required by Law When Using a Generator?
Many local building codes and safety ordinances require CO detectors in all residential homes, especially those with fuel-burning appliances—including generators. Some jurisdictions mandate them as a condition of sale, rental, or occupancy.
FEMA, OSHA, the CDC, and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all strongly recommend CO detectors as part of any emergency generator plan.
Important: Failure to install CO detectors can affect homeowner’s insurance claims if an incident occurs.
FAQs: CO Detectors and Generator Use
Q: If my generator is outside, do I still need a CO detector?
Yes. Outdoor generators can still leak CO into your home through open windows, doors, vents, or crawlspaces. A CO detector is essential indoors.
Q: Do solar generators need CO detectors?
No. Battery-based solar generators produce no emissions, so they don’t pose a CO risk.
Q: How often should I replace a CO detector?
Most CO alarms have a lifespan of 5 to 10 years. Check the manufacturer label and replace accordingly.
Q: Can I use a combo smoke + CO alarm?
Yes. Many modern detectors combine both features for space-saving protection. Just ensure it has backup power and is UL-certified.
Q: What should I do if the CO alarm goes off?
- Evacuate immediately
- Call 911
- Do not reenter the home until cleared by authorities
Conclusion: CO Detectors Save Lives—Install One Before You Use a Generator
If you plan to use a generator for backup power, don’t overlook carbon monoxide safety. A generator can save your home during an emergency, but without a CO detector, it can also become a silent killer.
Install CO alarms on every level of your home, especially near sleeping areas and rooms closest to where your generator will operate. Choose models with backup batteries, test them monthly, and replace them every 5–10 years. When paired with smart generator placement, a CO detector is your best defense against tragedy.
Want to Learn More About Generator Safety?
Check out our related guide: Where Should a Generator Be Placed for Safety and Code Compliance? — essential advice on generator placement, ventilation, and safe operation.